Abnormal Electromagnetic Wave Detection Method Before Earthquake Based on Feature Extraction of Radio Frequency I/Q Signal

An earthquake is one of the more common natural disasters. At present, it is mainly through the deployment of monitoring stations that the earthquake information broadcasting service is provided. Earthquakes are caused by the Earth’s plates pushing against each other. Before an earthquake occurs, the energy gathered by plate compression will produce abnormal electromagnetic radiation due to the compression magnetic effect. The energy detection method for abnormal electromagnetic radiation has been proposed by researchers for a long time. Anomalous electromagnetic radiation is difficult to catch because its energy is very weak. Based on the distributed electromagnetic spectrum detection method, this article proposes the original radio frequency (RF) I/Q sample data. Combined with the I/Q component cumulative distance fluctuation estimation method, an abnormal electromagnetic radiation phenomenon is detected. Combined with source location information, magnitude, and depth, a prediction model of cumulative distance fluctuation of the I/Q component is proposed based on the RF I/Q sample data of the electromagnetic spectrum. The results of actual monitoring data show that the prediction model of I/Q component cumulative distance fluctuation estimation can accurately describe the abnormal electromagnetic radiation phenomenon generated by earthquake information above magnitude 6. Combined with a large-scale, distributed electromagnetic spectrum detection system, an earthquake prediction system with higher accuracy can be realized.