Reverse-Time Migration by Combining Laplacian Filtering With Wavefield Decomposition for High-Resolution Subsurface Imaging

Reverse-time migration (RTM) is considered to be one of the most accurate migration methods, especially for imaging geologically complex structures. However, the conventional RTM using cross-correlation imaging condition is subject to strong migration artifacts. Recent researches on electromagnetic wavefield decomposition exhibit that the method can greatly suppresses the internal reflection noise, however, it is still subject to residual noise. To further eliminate the low-frequency noise to obtain high-resolution subsurface image, a novel electromagnetic imaging scheme by combining a Laplacian filtering with wavefield decomposition is presented, and the pseudospectral time-domain (PSTD) method is introduced to solve the time-dependent partial differential equations efficiently. In this work, we apply the Laplacian filtering on each wavefield snapshot in space domain to sharpen the field distribution. The filtered wavefields are further decomposed into downgoing and upgoing components for final imaging. Numerical experiments show that the proposed method balances the amplitudes of reflectors, and exhibits higher resolution compared to the conventional RTM.