A Multiline Multimaterial Calibration Method for Liquid Characterization

A multiline and multimaterial calibration method is proposed, which is aimed at replacing state-of-the-art two-tier microwave calibration techniques in liquid characterization process. The technique combines a general “line-line” trace method and an equivalent impedance algorithm, which enables to use unknown materials loaded on various lengths of transmission lines in the calibration standards. The validation measurements are performed on coplanar waveguide structures due to the convenient fabrication and easy integration with polymers. Measurement comparison with the previous calibration approach verifies its capability in high-frequency applications.