Touch screen with audio feedback: Content analysis and the effect of spatial ability on blind people's sense of position of web pages

This article presents findings from a Content Analysis of verbal and audio protocol of Mental Model study. When using touch screen display with audio feedback, it was found that the users' mental model is in one dimensional as using screen-reader program. Previous experience using screen-reader program may affected the users' experience using a touch screen with audio feedback. In addition, investigation of blind users' spatial ability on users' performance was also conducted. This study revealed that there was a significant interaction effect between the user's spatial ability and the time taken to answer a question using touch display with audio feedback.