Improved termite hill routing protocol using ACO WSN

The wireless sensor networks contains of a large number of tiny sensing devices. These are capable of detecting an event, processing the information, and transmitting that processed data. In WSN network there is a sink which conveys all information to the end user. The sink is placed anywhere in the target area. The nodes which are closer to the sink easily convey their message to it but the nodes which are at a great distance from it cannot directly forward their data to the sink, they have to send their data to the node which is closer to it than its neighbor forwards its data to sink. In this way the nodes which are closer to the sink have to send the data of the distant nodes along with their own so they get depleted in terms of energy, as their energy is used in sending their data along with the data of farther nodes. This problem is called HOT SPOT problem. In the proposed work the location of the sink node is optimized by using ACO. The simulation results of our proposed algorithm on MATLAB software demonstrated that it has reduced the network's energy consumption and improved other parameters like packet delivery rate.