I. Introduction
The development and popularization of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has greatly facilitated the information-processing capabilities of IoT devices, a variety of IoT devices, such as controllers, sensors, actuators, and communication devices, have substantially promoted the implementation of remote adaptation and configuration, digital twins, and device collaborative operation [1], [2]. However, the limited energy supply has become a major bottleneck in restricting the communication performance of IoT devices due to the increased energy consumption and the limited battery size of IoT devices. Frequent battery replacement and redeployment will greatly increase the cost and are also extremely difficult in extreme environments [3]. How to charge these energy-limited devices in a green and low-carbon way is an imminent issue.