An Improved Model on the Vague Sets-Based DPoS's Voting Phase in Blockchain

As a common consensus mechanism used in Blockchain, DPoS uses voting to select the committee members to generate blocks. In order to elect the committee members more fairly, vague sets are introduced into the voting phase of DPoS. In the original vague sets-based model proposed in 2020, the voting nodes can vote yes, no or abstain. In this article, we improve this model by introducing a new mapping from the vague set to the fuzzy set and assigning weights to each node. In our new model, we consider that the influence factor of abstention vote increases with the increase of effective votes. Moreover, several nice properties of the improved model are proved which make our model conform to the real situation. Through our experiments, the fuzzy value's distribution of our scheme is more uniform and reduce the probability of the same fuzzy value. If the ratio of non-abstention votes is higher, the influence of abstention vote will be greater, and the chance of being selected will increase. This makes the voting phase of DPoS fairer.