Enhanced Fault Diagnosis Using Broad Learning for Traction Systems in High-Speed Trains

Faults happen inevitably in traction systems and thus place the security of the whole high-speed train at risk. In order to improve the safety and reliability of high-speed trains, this article deals with fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) problem for traction systems. Because of high sampling frequency of equipped sensors, FDD strategies in the supervision system of high-speed trains should be of enough high computation efficiency, which is a great bottleneck for artificial intelligence-based FDD methods. For reducing the computational load while maintaining the satisfactory diagnostic accuracy, an enhanced FDD architecture using the modified principal component analysis and broad learning system is developed in this article. Based on the proposed data-driven design whose core is to extract fault information, fast and accurate FDD can be achieved without requirements for mathematical models or control mechanism of high-speed trains. The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed online design are illustrated on the traction control platform of high-speed trains.