Performance Enhancement of In-Vehicle 10BASE-T1S Ethernet Using Node Prioritization and Packet Segmentation

Following the appearance of electrical vehicles and autonomous driving, a new in-vehicle network architecture is required that should be able to process substantial sensor data and communicate with other vehicles or infrastructure. Ethernet is considered a promising technology for replacing existing communication networks due to its stability and large bandwidth. Among various types of Ethernet, 10BASE-T1S can play a significant role in connecting multiple nodes in a bus structure at each zone of the zone-based network architecture. Although its latency is reduced using the physical layer collision avoidance (PLCA) algorithm, it is not small enough to be adopted in safety and powertrain domains, which require a very small delay of less than a few hundred microseconds. Therefore, this study uses node prioritization and packet segmentation to overcome the limitations of the existing PLCA algorithm. The former changes the transmission sequence of nodes while the latter reduces the waiting time for a packet. This paper suggests the algorithms of these schemes and analyzes the performance.