Methodology for Reliability Analysis of Cyber–Physical MTdc Grids

The MTdc grid can be considered as a cyber–physical system as they are dependent on the cyber infrastructure for optimal coordination of its resources irrespective of the adopted control strategy (master–slave, voltage margin, or droop). Hence, the reliability of the MTdc grids depends not only on the reliability of the power electronic components of the converter but also on the cyber infrastructure. This article proposes a reliability evaluation method based on a continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) for cyber–physical MTdc grids. The detailed failure models of the cyber–physical components of the MTdc grids are presented. A method is proposed to derive the multidomain reliability of the MTdc grid. Finally, the proposed method is applied for the reliability analysis of a three-terminal dc grid. The impact of specific redundancy measures of the cyber components on the reliability of the MTdc grid control is presented.