I. Introduction
Sliding mode control (SMC), a discontinuous nonlinear control method, has been extensively studied for several decades due to its simplicity and robustness. The main idea behind SMC is to drive the system states onto a prescribed sliding surface in finite time and to maintain the trajectory on it for all subsequent time [1]–[4]. Up to now, the SMC method has been utilized to control different complex systems, e.g., Markovian jump system [5], [6], switched system [7]–[9], Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy system [10], multiagent system [11], and so on.