I. Introduction
The extraction of semantic relationships between concepts has attracted much attention in several research fields, including the fields of natural language processing, information retrieval, and multimedia processing [1]–[24]. Much interest has been shown in the numerical determination of the following two measures: the semantic relatedness between concepts and the abstraction level of each concept. These measures have been used to improve the performance of the computational techniques, such as query expansion in information retrieval [1], document clustering [2], and multimedia annotation and retrieval [3]–[9].