An Efficient Federated Learning Framework for Machinery Fault Diagnosis With Improved Model Aggregation and Local Model Training

Due to device operating environment limitations and data privacy protection, it is frequently difficult to obtain sufficient high-quality labeled data from devices, resulting in an insufficient generalization ability of fault diagnosis model. Therefore, a high-performance federated learning framework is proposed in this work, which makes improvements in the procedure of model aggregation and local model training. In the model aggregation of central server, an optimization aggregation strategy in which forgetting Kalman filter (FKF) is combined with cubic exponential smoothing (CES) is proposed to improve the efficiency of federated learning. In the local model training of multiclient, a deep learning network combined with multiscale convolution, attention mechanism, and multistage residual connection is proposed, which is able to fully extract multiclient data features simultaneously. Meanwhile, experiments on two machinery fault datasets show that the proposed framework is capable of achieving high accuracy and strong generalization of fault diagnosis on the premise of protecting data privacy in actual industrial situations.