A Cooperative Multi-Area Optimization With Renewable Generation and Storage Devices

With the rising number of intermittent renewable energy sources and growing energy demand, transfer capabilities are very close to their limits. Consequently, redispatch events occur more frequently and flexibility of conventional generation and storage devices will become increasingly important. The cooperative multi-area optimization strategy presented here enables transmission system operators (TSOs) to dispatch/redispatch interconnected networks securely, while reducing dispatch/redispatch costs. Schedules for storage devices, conventional- and renewable generation are obtained considering network constraints and ramping rates. An optimal schedule for several control areas is attained, including storage operation to achieve congestion relief. The distributed approach preserves control area responsibilities. All participating control areas attain a schedule close to the global optimum. TSOs implement agreements to share resulting profits. The functionality was shown successfully using stressed 14- and 118-node systems. A cross border dispatch with use of storage devices is realized to maintain a high share of renewable energy source (RES) feed-in, while reducing overall dispatch costs.