Performance Analysis of Transition Metals Embedded Tin Halide Perovskite Solar Cell

The perovskite material with superior performance has made a huge impact on the photovoltaic application. However, the stability and the toxicity-related issues are still highly unaddressed. The optoelectronic properties of transition metals (TMs) and nontoxic nature of tin (Sn) halide perovskite (MASnX
₃
) could be anticipated to overcome both the stability and toxicity concerns. This article encompasses numerical simulation and analysis of Sn-based perovskite solar cell device structure with TM compounds such as molybdenum oxide (MoOx), molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe
₂
), and tungsten diselenide (WSe
₂
) as a hole transport material (HTM). The device parameters were optimized and simulated using batch calculations and the efficiencies were found to be 25.19%, 23.32%, and 24.33%, for MoOx, WSe
_2,
and MoTe
₂
, respectively, which is very high. The device with MoOx as HTM have shown prominent results compared with other with a short circuit current density (
J
_sc
) 0.6 mA/cm
²
, open-circuit voltage (
V
_oc
) of 0.023 eV, fill factor of 0.21% and an increase of 1.09% in power conversion efficiency. These results suggest that these TMs can be a highly competent material for solar cell device structures.