Printable ITO Transistors for DNA Computing in Cryptography

Herein, we present printable indium tin oxide (ITO) based transistors, which serve for implementing a highly secure deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) cryptosystem. The devices are encoded into DNA sequences in pairs, and DNA operations are subsequently performed alongside the plaintext to achieve encryption. In the transistors, ITO acts as both the channel and the source-drain electrode. By using small asymmetrical ring structures, resulting in overlapping electrodes and channels, the uncertainty in channel length and thickness during printing is significantly increased. The significant uncertainty of the array increases the degree of disorder of the DNA nucleotides, resulting in a uniform nucleotide sequence. As a proof of that, the key sequence exhibits resistance against machine learning attacks with an accuracy of 50-55%. Furthermore, when subjected to a DNA error rate of 10%, the recognition accuracy is only 20%. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness and security of the DNA cryptosystem.