Voltage and Frequency Regulation of Microgrid With Battery Energy Storage Systems

This paper presents a novel primary control strategy based on output regulation theory for voltage and frequency regulations in microgrid systems with fast-response battery energy storage systems (BESS). The proposed control strategy can accurately track voltage and frequency set points while mitigating system transients in the presence of disturbance events. Therefore, it overcomes the key weaknesses of droop-based control methods such as large steady-state voltage and frequency deviations and poor transient performance. Throughout this paper, four control schemes are derived with tradeoffs between communication requirement and system dynamic performance. Their effectiveness is validated through MATLAB Simulink simulation studies involving a medium-voltage microgrid with both synchronous generation resources and BESS. Although the proposed control schemes are centralized, practical implementation is possible with available communication links in microgrids and embedded hardware technologies.