I. Introduction
Single-cell analysis is used to advance our understanding of diseases, such as cancer [1]. The flow of a single-cell analysis experiment consists of three steps—namely cell encapsulation and differentiation [2], droplet barcoding [3], and type-driven cell analysis [4], [5]. Using recent advances in microfluidic technologies, thousands of heterogeneous cells can now be concurrently analyzed in a high-throughput manner. These miniaturized platforms are typically based on two distinct microfluidic technologies. Flow-based microfluidic platforms consist of microvalves that are controlled via pneumatic inputs, and channels that are used to guide liquid flow [6], [7]. On the other hand, in digital microfluidic biochips (DMFBs), a 2-D array of electrodes is used to manipulate droplets [8].