Cost Optimization of an Opportunity Charging Bus Network

This article focuses on reducing the battery size requirements of electric busses using battery charging and speed profile optimization. To minimize the energy consumption costs and the battery size, an opportunity charging city bus networks has been investigated. An electric bus architecture, traffic, weather, and road conditions, as well as the driver behaviors, have been modeled to simulate the overall system and predict energy consumption. The optimization algorithm is developed to determine the optimal driving cycle and the charging time on each bus stop. The algorithms are tested on case studies, which verified that the proposed approach reduces the energy consumption and battery size requirements of electric busses.