Coordinated Energy Dispatch and Flexibility Support for Microgrid Cluster Using Rule-Based Stackelberg Gaming Approach

It is significant to explore the flexible regulation ability of microgrids for accepting distributed renewable energy. This article proposes a coordinated energy dispatch and flexibility support method for microgrids. Firstly, set up the aggregator to combine microgrids into the microgrid cluster. Then, the Stackelberg game model is constructed to analyze the interaction between microgrids and the microgrid cluster. As the leader, the aggregator guides microgrids to participate in demand-side response by using internal electricity price incentives. As followers, microgrids change their demand according to electricity prices and provide flexible peak-shaving services. By optimizing the electricity price, all participants in the game can obtain higher returns. Moreover, to improve the market competitiveness of flexibility services provided by the microgrid cluster, a real-time flexibility dispatching model is established, thereby reducing the main grid flexibility dispatch cost. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively enhance the system's flexibility and economy. Compared to directly trading with the superior power grid, the revenue of the microgrid cluster has increased by 2.37%, and the flexible supply capacity has improved by 11.88%.