A Medium Power, Self-Sustaining, and Configurable RF Pulse Generation Circuit Using a Nonlinear Transmission Line and Power Amplifier in Open and Closed-Loop Configurations

Nonlinear transmission lines (NLTLs) are a class of pulse forming networks (PFNs) for modulation of pulsed power to generate radio frequency (RF) signals. Primarily, NLTL designs assume a two-port configuration, which requires ones-to-tens of nanosecond input pulse rise time for each modulated pulse out. In this article, a closed-loop or single-port pulser that yields continuous pulses based on prior pulse stimulation is presented. The pulser is comprised of an NLTL, a power amplifier (PA), and a solid-state HV pulse generator. The capability advantage of the closedloop system is its stability and center frequency tunability. Pragmatically, the solid-state-based design of this system enhances its probability of fielded use due to volume and mass savings compared to the prior art. The validity of the proposed design is empirically shown by a 16-section NLTL coupled with a solid-state laterally diffused metal-oxide-semiconductor (LDMOS)-based PA and a custom HV pulse generator. The closed-loop configuration constructed from these components demonstrated a peak power of 2.1 kW into 50 Ω at 90 MHz. This is the first report of a solid-state switch-based closed-loop NLTL configuration capable of producing a continuous pulse stream. Furthermore, we propose a dual-diode-based NLTL design, which can operate and output at higher center frequencies compared to its single-diode counterpart.