A High-Current Large-Orbit Gyro-Like Relativistic Backward-Wave Oscillator

We combine the relativistic backward-wave oscillator (RBWO) with an electron beam that encircles the structure axis, and present a high-current large-orbit gyro-like RBWO. In the device, both Cherenkov radiation and cyclotron radiation play significant roles in mode selection and beam–wave interaction. Particle-in-cell simulations show that when the beam energy is 900 keV, the beam current is 1.2 kA, and the guiding magnetic field is 0.23 T, the generated microwave power is 320 MW, the frequency is 13.3 GHz, and the efficiency is 30%. The operation mode is HE
₂₂
mode and EH
₂₂
mode, and the output mode is the EH
₂₁
mode.