Codeword Position Index Modulation Design for Sparse Code Multiple Access System

Codeword position index based sparse code multiple access (CPI-SCMA) is a novel variant of SCMA that employs the idea of index modulation (IM), which has been proposed recently as an effective alternative to the conventional SCMA system. In contrast to the conventional SCMA that directly maps the information bits of each user to a predefined M-point codebook, the data in CPI-SCMA is not only conveyed by the M-point codebook as in SCMA, but also by the indexes of the codeword positions. In this paper, we first propose a simplified detector termed as message passing algorithm aided index reliability detection (MPA-IRD) that is more suitable for practical implementation. Moreover, we investigate the spectral efficiency (SE) in CPI-SCMA, and two important features are identified to facilitate the design of the system. A tight approximation of the average block error probability (ABLEP) under the maximum likelihood detector (MLD) is also derived from studying the error rate performance of CPI-SCMA. Finally, to further improve the SE of CPI-SCMA, an enhanced version of CPI-SCMA termed as hybrid CPI-SCMA (HCPI-SCMA) is proposed. Itis shown via both simulation, and analytical results that the proposed scheme not only achieves better error rate performance in the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region but also improves the SE, and the level of robustness under channel estimation error compares to SCMA.