A Wideband Dual-Polarized Base Station Antenna With Heat Dissipation Function Based on PIN Structure

Based on the all-metal structure of the crossed dipole antenna, the base station antenna with heat dissipation function is realized by introducing metal PIN structures of different heights between the radiator and the ground, on the radiator, and in the hollow part inside the radiator. Through the distribution of current on the surface of the antenna, the working principle of the antenna and the influence of the heat dissipation PIN structure on the radiation characteristics of the antenna are analyzed. The measurement results of the 3 × 3 antenna array show that the operating frequency band with voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) less than 1.5 is 3.1–4.0 GHz. The gains of the central and edge elements in the array are greater than 5.6 dBi and 6.9 dBi, respectively. The front-to-back ratio is greater than 19 dB, the axial cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) is greater than 15 dB, and the XPD within the range of ±30° is greater than 10 dB. The thermal simulation results show that the maximum temperature of the proposed antenna array is lower than that of the microstrip antenna array and traditional dual-polarized dipole antenna array under the conditions of heat source power of 3.3 W, 14.1 W, and 18.8 W. The temperature differences between the proposed antenna and the microstrip antenna array are 18.6 °C, 76.2 °C, and 98.9 °C, while the temperature differences between the proposed antenna and the traditional dipole antenna array are 8.9 °C, 38.2 °C, and 50.9 °C. Under the above three power conditions, the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures of the microstrip antenna array is 25.2 °C, 104.5 °C, and 136.8 °C, and the temperature difference of the traditional dipole antenna array is within 7 °C, while the proposed array is within 6.2 °C. All of this indicates that the proposed antenna array has strong thermal conductivity and heat dissipation performance.