A 2-GHz Pulse Injection-Locked Rotary Traveling-Wave Oscillator

This paper proposes a scalable and efficient frequency multiplication technique that synthesizes a multi-phase clock with finely adjustable output taps. It uses a pulse injection locked rotary traveling-wave oscillator (RTWO) with switched capacitors and complementary varactor pairs to achieve a 1.7-2-GHz tuning range and to implement the fine phase adjustment. The worst case phase-tuning resolution is 0.36°. The design is implemented in IBM's 130-nm CMOS technology, and consumes a total power of 28.4 mW. Locked to a clean 679-MHz reference, it has a phase-noise performance of -132 dBc/Hz at 100-kHz offset from 2.039 GHz. It achieves 39-fs integrated root mean square (rms) jitter from 1 kHz to 40-MHz offset, for a Jitter2 * Power Figure of Merit (FOM) of -251 dB.