Laser Tuning Parameters and Concentration Retrieval Technique for Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy Based on the Variable-Radius Search Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm

A novel wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) laser tuning parameters and concentration retrieval technique based on the variable-radius-search artificial bee colony (VRS-ABC) algorithm is proposed. The technique imitates the foraging behavior of bees to achieve the retrieval of gas concentration and laser tuning parameters in a calibration-free WMS system. To address the problem that the basic artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm tends to converge prematurely, we improve the search method of the scout bee. In contrast to prior concentration retrieval methods that utilized the Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) algorithm, the current technique exhibits a reduced dependence on the precharacterization of laser parameters, leading to heightened precision and reliability in concentration retrieval. We validated the VRS-ABC-based technique by simulating the detection of the target gas C2H2. The simulation results show that the VRS-ABC-based technique performs better in terms of convergence speed and fitting accuracy, especially in the multiparameter model without exact characterization.