Knowledge Sharing in Roadmapping: Toward a Multilevel Explanation

Roadmapping is a workshop-based tool that draws on diverse sets of knowledge from individuals to create shared knowledge in the form of a roadmap for navigating a strategic landscape. Theoretical explanations of knowledge sharing in roadmapping are underdeveloped, with only limited insights into the relationship between individuals’ knowledge (at the micro level) and organizational-level outcomes. This article uses a multilevel lens to examine knowledge sharing in two roadmapping projects empirically. The analysis identifies five mechanisms that enable or constrain knowledge sharing in roadmapping: 1) a neutral space for face-to-face interactions between individuals that fosters; 2) a positive disposition of individuals to share knowledge, together with (3) imperatives to trigger knowledge contributions. Individually shared knowledge is transformed into collective outcomes via 4) shared meanings and 5) shared commitment to act. The analysis also highlights the important role of the facilitator in relation to knowledge sharing. This article extends the theoretical understanding of individuals and their behavior in the roadmapping process. In doing so, it demonstrates how microlevel actions relate to macrolevel outcomes. Practitioners, including facilitators, can use these insights as they design and deliver roadmapping interventions to improve knowledge sharing and, therefore, better strategic outcomes.