Simulated annealing for resource and power allocation in 5G and B5G D2D communications

Device-to-device connection is a captivating new approach that holds great potential for the next generation of mobile networks, among others 5G and beyond. One of the reasons for this is that it has the capacity to boost system throughput, reduce the burden on the network core, and enhance spectral efficiency. Therefore, in order to make the most of these advantages, it is of the utmost importance to enhance the allocation of resources and power in order to reduce the amount of interference caused by co-channels. This paper proposes utilizing a based simulated annealing (SAA) technique to enhance combined radio spectrum and energy allocation. The SAA is made up of a phase that involves heating, which is then followed by slow and steady cooling. This is a method that is very often used in the field of metallurgy. Doing so results in an ordered and therefore stronger metal with more flexibility and less energy. The simulation outcomes show that the proposed approach surpasses both the random solution and Genetic approach (GA) in terms of time to stabilize to an optimal solution, throughput, and obtaining a feasible solution.