Smart Jacket for Health Monitoring of Climbers Using LoRaWAN Technology

Climbing, including rock climbing, ice climbing, mountaineering, and indoor climbing, is a physically demanding and fascinating sport. Climbers are attracted to the adventure, physical fitness, and personal growth it offers. However, climbers must be aware of and prepared for various medical challenges specific to climbing, such as Altitude Sickness, Hypothermia, Dehydration, and Bradycardia. These challenges can range from minor discomforts to life-threatening conditions. Hypothermia and bradycardia frequently occur together and present complex challenges, particularly in activities like mountaineering or extreme cold sports. This paper provides a comprehensive examination of hypothermia and bradycardia in cold and high-altitude environments, including their plummet detection. Hypothermia is characterized by a dangerously low body temperature, usually caused by cold temperatures, wet conditions, and high altitudes. It poses significant risks to individuals engaged in outdoor activities and requires immediate attention. The paper also explores bradycardia, which refers to a slow heart rate, often influenced by factors like altitude, physical fitness, and underlying medical conditions. At high altitudes, lower oxygen levels can trigger bradycardia, posing challenges for climbers and mountaineers. Additionally, the paper introduces a device that utilizes temperature and pulse sensors, ESP 8266 for control, and LoRa for data communication. This device is worn as a jacket and transmits the user's body condition to a base station for monitoring. The experiment results demonstrate that the device can detect symptoms of hypothermia and bradycardia, enabling users and climbers to respond more vigilantly and reduce mortality caused by these conditions.