I. Introduction
Vector network analyzer (VNA) is a commonly used instrument to measure the network parameters of RF and microwave devices. Although the network parameters of RF and microwave devices may sound abstract, they are ubiquitous in daily life [1] – [8]. From 4G networks of mobile phones to WiFi networks, to computer networks and clouds, and even devices such as the Internet of Vehicles and the Internet of Things, many RF and microwave devices are included. VNA is generally used to test component specifications and validate design simulations to ensure that the system and its components, such as amplifiers, filters, mixers, etc., function properly. In addition, VNA still includes many other useful functions, such as differential measurement, noise measurement, etc. This article relies on CEYEAR’s product CAN (Fig. 1) and introduces advanced fixture parameter extraction methods [9] – [20].