A Planar ɸ-Shaped Microwave Antenna Sensor for Glucose Concentration Monitoring

In this work presents a non-invasive method for observing the glucose concentration variations by using a proposed planar ϕ-shaped antenna sensor. The proposed microstrip antenna is resonating at a frequency of 4 GHz. The proposed antenna is fabricated on low-cost FR-4 substrate of size 22mm×30mm×1.6mm. At resonating frequency 4 GHz a finger phantom of real human is designed with various layers like skin, fat, blood and bone in electromagnetic simulation tool. At various locations around the proposed antenna the finger phantom is situated and corresponding frequency shifts are noted to evolution of concentration of glucose variations from 0 mg/dL to 1000 mg/dL. The frequency shift of maximum 75 MHz is obtained when the phantom of the finger is placed at the top of the proposed antenna sensor parallel to feed and in the remaining cases the frequency shift is obtained but it is minimum.