Optimal Placement of Hybrid Energy Storage for Mitigating Renewable Energy Generation Fluctuations

In the ever-evolving landscape of the power system, the penetration of wind and solar renewable energy sources into the grid has steadily increased. However, the resulting intermittency of wind and solar power generation poses challenges to the stability of the power system. This paper presents a model for the Hydrogen Capacitor Hybrid Storage System (HC-HSS), comprising a Hydrogen Storage System (HSS) and a Super Capacitor System (SCS). Building upon a detailed modeling of material and energy flows within the HSS, a cost-effective method for mitigating wind and solar power fluctuations is proposed. Additionally, power allocation strategies are developed to accommodate the distinct characteristics of energy storage. The model is solved using a particle swarm optimization algorithm, and case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of the hybrid energy storage configuration and the proposed power allocation strategy.