Equivalent Inertia Evaluation and Optimal Configuration of PMSG with Virtual Inertia Control

This article conducts research on the equivalent inertia evaluation and optimal configuration of permanent magnet synchronous generator(PMSG) with virtual inertia control. Firstly, based on the dynamic structure of the phase-locked loop(PLL) and the transfer function of the control link of the grid-following PMSG, its equivalent inertia is derived; Secondly, based on the control principle and output characteristics of the grid-forming PMSG, expressions for its equivalent inertia and output active power are obtained, and then an capacity optimized configuration model for the grid-forming energy storage is constructed; Finally, the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed equivalent inertia evaluation and energy storage capacity optimization configuration method was verified through simulation on an improved 4-machine 2-zone system. The simulation results show that the proposed inertia estimation method can accurately quantify the equivalent inertia support effect of PMSG, and the proposed energy storage capacity configuration method can meet the needs of inertia response characteristics.