Blood Glucose Monitoring Based on Transmission using Microstrip Patch Antenna

In this paper, a microstrip patch antenna is designed to be used as a sensor for a non-invasive glucose monitoring system. The suggested microstrip patch technology has several benefits over conventional glucose monitoring techniques, such as the elimination of frequent blood samples taken via finger prick and the ability to track glucose levels in real time. In the noninvasive method, a change in the dielectric constant of glucose is used as a new way to detect the blood glucose level. To acquire the best possible outcome for several blood glucose conditions, this research has simulated the antenna with three different phantoms to get the most accurate simulated accuracy. The deliberately designed three different methodologies—the ’Basic Skin Model’, ’Finger Model’, and ’Two Antenna Sandwich Model’ have been established and tested with glucose (0–500 moles/fraction) dielectric constant. The human tissue penetrates mostly between 1 and 10 GHz, so a microwave resonant sensor at a frequency of 7.00 GHz has been designed with a unique approach in this paper. The antenna has been designed with the substrate material ${\text{R}}04056\left( {\left( { \in _r^\prime } \right) = 3.55} \right)$ with substrate height 1.52mm. The simulated results can observe the variation of the resonant frequency in S
11
and S
21
with the changing dialectic Constant; while found that two antenna model has better reflection coefficient variation to observe.