Modeling and Simulation of a High Bandwidth Conical 3D Monopole Antenna for 3D IC

In this paper, a 3D monopole antenna based on a conical via structure applied for the wireless network-on-a-chip is proposed to increase the bandwidth, lower the operating frequency and reduce the return loss. Modeling and simulation are first set up by building the physical structure of 3D model. To further expand the bandwidth and reduce the return loss, the impedance matching of coplanar waveguide (CPW) is further optimized. The bandwidth for the antenna on the Rogers RO4003, polyimide and glass substrates are respectively 15.7 GHz (21.37 GHz to 37.07 GHz), 14.64 GHz (19.23 GHz to 33.87 GHz), and 10.51 GHz (16.29 GHz to 26.80 GHz). The lowest return loss can be -35.01 dB. This paper also studied the effects of CPW length, grounding via, and the structure of grounding layers on the antenna performance in terms of area and structural optimization.