I. Introduction
The term “Neurodegenerative Disease” encompasses a set of diseases that lead to functional or structural harm to the neurons in the central or peripheral nervous system, causing physical or cognitive impairment. Common examples include Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Multiple Sclerosis, which affect millions of people worldwide. It is true that all of these diseases can severely affect people's daily lives, but neurodegenerative diseases like multiple sclerosis, a chronic autoimmune disease, for example cause issues with vision, balance and coordination, muscle weakness, fatigue, and difficulties with speech and cognition. These diseases have no known cure and the only treatment currently available is to slow down their progress. However, symptoms of these diseases often do not appear until a significant number of neurons have deteriorated, and the diagnostic process, which typically involves Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Positron Emission Tomography, or Computed Tomography scan, is both time-consuming and expensive. Thus researchers are exploring alternative, more accessible, and cheaper methods of detection. One such method is to look at the brain through the eye via a technology known as Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) which is used for cross-sectional ophthalmic imaging, a non-invasive technology that can produce high-resolution images of tissue without causing any damage to the examined tissue. It is particularly useful in organs where standard microscopic tissue identification by biopsy isn't possible, such as the human eye and as OCT is a non-invasive and more accessible way of diagnosing neurodegenerative diseases, it is a suitable option to be used in the detection of such conditions.