Integration of Green Aspect Inside Internet of Things Standard

The Internet of Things is seen as a solution for many problems such as helping to create smart cities, industry 4.0 or even smart grids. The objective is in particular to offer a better service, to automate a set of services or to save money, particularly on energy consumption. Nevertheless, the complexity of these systems of systems requires the use of standards to deploy and make interoperable all of those connected objects and needed services. The oneM2M standard aims to provide a service layer to create those complex IoT systems. There are many scenarios and deployments in the literature and in standardization documents showing how the use of IoT can save or better manage energy consumption in a particular area, as opposed to energy consumption by the IoT system itself is little studied. This aspect, particularly in the oneM2M standard, is currently not very present except for interfacing with the cellular network and considering the capabilities of 5G in terms of reducing energy consumption. On the other hand, at the level of services, data management or the architecture to be deployed to set up an IoT system ranging from the sensor to the cloud, everything remains to be done. In this article, we propose to raise awareness on the one hand of the actors of IoT standardization of the energy impact in the definition of standards and on the other hand of the developers of IoT stacks and applications. For this, we first develop an environment to measure the energy impact in the choice of the use of a standard and its implementations then in a second time, we identify a set of recommendations both on the evolutions possible of the standard but also on the choice of implementation and deployment of applications and IoT stacks.