Gain Improvement of Patch Antenna Using Joukowsky and Schwarz-Christoffel Conformal Mapping on Feed Line Section

This paper introduces a novel strategy involving conformal mapping on the feed line of a rectangular patch antenna. By dividing the feed line and applying various conformal mapping techniques, such as Joukowsky & Schwarz-Christoffel, the impedance matching between feed line & patch antenna is improved, & enhanced gain. The study investigates the performance of H & U-Slot antennas with & without conformal mapping on the feed line, showing how mappings enhance antennas' frequencies. The proposed design for H-Slot antenna achieves a dual mode of radiation with bandwidth of 310 MHz & 480 MHz centered at 6.1 GHz & 6.9 GHz. The U-Slot antenna with conformal mapping exhibits dual bandwidth of 380 MHz & 432 MHz centered at 3.4 GHz & 6.9 GHz. These enhancements improve the bandwidth 26.67% at 3.1 GHz & 44% at 6.9 GHz compared to antennas without conformal mapping. The gain of antennas increases with conformal mapping 976.19% improvement for U-Slot and 394.42% improvement for H-Slot at 6.9 GHz.