Analysis of a Dual-Beam-Based E-Band Traveling Wave Tube (TWT) Design and Experiment

A traveling wave tube (TWT) is one of the most widely used high-power sources in the millimeter-wave region.
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A multi-beam-based TWT system has been proposed to amplify multiple RF sources simultaneously with a very compact size. However, the experimental study for developing the multi-beam-based TWT system is challenging to realize. One of the well-known troubles in realizing the multi-beam-based system is the electron beam transmission. The electron beam inevitably experiences the radial magnetic field which is due to the off-centered beam emission with respect to the magnet center. This radial magnetic field changes the beam center position. Due to the degradation in the electron beam transmission through an interaction circuit, the efficiency of the TWT amplifier severely decreases.