Smart Facilities Management using Digital Twin with 3D Web-Based Technology

This paper introduces the integration of real-time 3D web-based digital twin with the facilities management to demonstrate the results of 1) environmental monitoring systems and 2) occupancy rates in educational institutions to address the inefficient use of spare rooms. The digital twin also provides a real-time environment display suitable for students and staff using temperature, noise, relative humidity, air quality, and occupancy sensors. The structure of this digital twin display system is designed based on open-source principles suitable for educational institutions, as it is cost-effective and accessible to everyone. The operational framework of this display system is designed based on open-source principles, utilizing three-dimensional visualization and swift data retrieval. This makes it suitable for application in educational institutions and government facilities due to its cost-effectiveness and accessibility for everyone. The system can display content on various devices (cross-browser), including PCs and smart devices, without pre-installed programs. Based on performance comparison results, the system can achieve an average frame rate of 73.89 frames per second, displaying large-scale building maps with triangular polygons totaling 90,000. This method can be further extended for the future development of large-scale building maps for smart cities in areas with limited budgets.