A Review on Anti-Spoofing : Face Manipulation and Liveness Detection

The latest developments in deep generative networks have greatly improved the quality of generating life-like fake face videos. Face digital manipulation such as DeepFakes, FaceSwap, and Face2Face are critical issues for automated face recognition systems as it detrimentally affects their performance. To tackle this difficulty, face anti-spoofing is utilized which is a task to prevent unauthorized entry by breaching facial recognition systems using a mask, photo, video or another substitute for a legitimate person's face. The review paper examines the problems and solutions explored in the domain of digital face manipulation, as well as the notion of liveliness detection and numerous aspects and cues that can be used to determine the authenticity of a face. The review is organized into sections, discussing face manipulation techniques, liveness detection using eye blinking, and finally a hybrid system is proposed that considers both face manipulation and liveness detection to strengthen existing solutions. It aims to enhance the security and reliability of facial recognition technology in various applications.