Emerging Applications of Brain Computer Interfaces: A Comprehensive Review and Future Perspectives

This review article examines brain-computer interfaces (BCls) in depth, focusing on various paradigms, approaches, applications, and future research opportunities. Three primary paradigms have been thoroughly investigated: motor imagery, event-related potentials, and visually evoked state potentials. EEG, ECoG and MRI signal collection techniques are described, emphasizing their importance in BCI research. The integration of deep learning and machine learning approaches in the interpretation of brain signals is a critical challenge. This research focuses on the BCI performance development trajectory and its important implications for practical application. Some real-world applications are described, spanning from medical domains such as Parkinson's, ALS, and addiction treatment to emotional sensing, robotics, education, security, and other fields. area. The study reviews the approaches used in each application and discusses future research.