Design of Demand-Side Response Trading Mechanism Under the Rules of the Electricity Spot Market

In the context of the new situation, the reform of power supply and demand continues to advance. Guiding electricity and natural gas users to participate autonomously in peak shaving and valley filling, enhancing demand response capability, and simultaneously improving the interactive response capability between the power grid, generation side, and demand side are key aspects of the reform. In the current stage, China lacks mature market mechanisms and technical means to incentivize demand-side resource regulation. The volatile electricity prices in the spot market are constrained by policies, technologies, and other factors, making it difficult to establish a stable bidirectional coordination between power generation and consumption. This paper, in combination with the settlement rules of a regional spot market, designs a demand response trading mechanism under the existing framework. It establishes models for peak shaving and valley filling demand response profit calculation, proposes a user-side medium-to-long-term surplus and deficit profit model based on time-based calculations, as well as cost-sharing mechanisms for various market participants. Finally, the validity and effectiveness of the proposed mechanisms are verified through numerical examples.