Beam Steering of Graphene-Based Terahertz Antenna Array with Circular Polarization

Graphene is a promising candidate for the design and development of antennas for THz applications. The work presented in this paper investigates the beam steering of the graphene-based circularly polarized terahertz antenna array for the first time. The 3x3 antenna array is designed to target the upper portion of the terahertz band (0.1THz to 2THz), for the resonant frequency of 6.45THz, focusing on wireless ultrafast terahertz communication-based applications. The analysis of the outcome provides a maximum gain of approx. 15.44dBi, high radiation, and total efficiency of 98% and 90%, respectively, while maintaining circular polarization. The designed graphene THz array could be useful in ultrafast THz wireless communication because of its beam steering capability with circular polarization and tunability characteristics.