FPGA-Oriented Virtual Panel Connected Photovoltaic System for Maximum Power Point Tracking at Partial Shading Condition

The growing demand for sustainable energy sources has led to the increased implementation of solar power systems. However, solar panels often face challenges in extracting energy efficiently under low irradiance conditions, such as cloudy skies or shading effects. This paper introduces an innovative approach to enhance energy extraction from solar panels during low irradiance periods using a FieldProgrammable Gate Array (FPGA) controller. The virtual panel is to be integrated with the original photovoltaic array which, exhibits the characteristics of the original photovoltaic array. A centralized system built on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) is used to sense and track solar irradiance throughout an entire PV facility. Whenever the irradiation level becomes low on its boundary level, the DC-to-DC converter may also fail to extract energy from the photovoltaic source. During that time, the virtual panel gives sufficient voltage compensation for extracting and utilizing the low power due to low Irradiation.