Optimized Design of Compact Uniform Planar Array Beamforming for Millimeter Wave Communications

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (Massive MIMO) technology is implemented by using massive antenna arrays. However, due to the constraints of physical space, the high-density arrangement of array elements in the array can lead to electromagnetic mutual coupling effects between the array elements, causing distortion of the beam-direction map and deteriorating the system performance. Therefore, in this paper, a mutual coupling suppression beamforming algorithm is designed using the standard Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) condition for the problem of electromagnetic mutual coupling effect among compact array elements under the compact planar array Massive MIMO system, with the aim of minimizing the beam direction map distortion under the premise of knowing the channel state information. Simulation results show that the performance of the designed algorithm when considering the coupling is better than that of the traditional classical beamforming algorithm, and close to that of the traditional beamforming algorithm in the ideal uncoupled case.