Triangular Shaped Truncated Frequency Reconfigurable Microstrip Patch Antenna for WLAN and Sub-6 GHz Applications

A Triangular shaped truncated antenna whose frequency can be reconfigured for Fifth Generation New Radio n78 band wireless applications and Wireless Local Area Network is designed. Three iterations are carried out for the proposed antenna and in each iterative stage the results are validated. Initially in the first iterative stage a simple triangular patch is designed which produced a single band resonance at 2.18 GHz and by introducing a truncation to the triangular patch in the second iteration the resonant frequency shifted from 2.18GHz to 2.09GHz.The PIN diode is introduced in the truncation in order to produce reconfigurable frequency bands. In the third iteration the CSRR is introduced on either sides of the feeding line and this is accountable for the augmented frequency response of the antenna and also diode is ON in this iteration which is responsible for the dual band resonance of the antenna at 2.09GHz and 3.27GHz.The gain of the antenna at 3.27GHz is extremely low which is 0.04 dB and this detrimental effect of the substrate on the gain can be rectified by replacing the FR4 substrate with the Rogers duroid substrate. The actuation of the two PIN diodes reconfigures the resonance to 2.45GHz and 3.36GHz making it suitable for WLAN and 5G n78 band wireless applications.