Augmentation of Coverage in IoT using licensed LPWAN

The Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), which has a low energy requirement and extensive coverage, is one of the private Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs). The 180 kHz bandwidth used by the NB-IoT is for both uplink transmission and downlink reception. In contrast to uplink transmission, which uses Single Carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), NB-IoT downlink transmission uses the modulation technology known as Orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA). The article's main objective is to use a BLER variant to increase NB-IoT's coverage. Low repetition values and a smaller Maximum Coupling Loss (MCL) are obtained if the intended BLER is lower than the reference BLER. If the targeted BLER is greater than the reference BLER, the MCL is improved and the value of repetitions is increased to its maximum. We also need less coverage to get the data from the transmitter side. To receive information from the transmitter side, we therefore require optimal coverage.