Multifactor Authentication System on Blockchain Infrastructure

Electronic access control systems are one of the most widely used types of access control systems today. They offer a number of advantages, but they also are still vulnerable to a single point of failure problem: single-factor authentication that relies on only one layer of security, and the whole system would be affected when the server fails. These problems are caused by the nature of the single factor authentication (SFA) model and centralized electronic access control systems. To address these problems, a multifactor authentication electronic access control system based on the blockchain has been proposed. The use of multi-factor authentication (MFA), with password-based QR code generation, QR code scanning, and face recognition, contributed to a more secure authentication process compared to single-factor authentication (SFA). Preliminary tests showed the average time it took was 36 seconds for PoW and 41 seconds for PoA, to grant access to a user from the moment they generated their QR code until the node granting access, at normal conditions when all 3 nodes were active. Based on the availability test results using PoW and PoA consensus on the system, it can be seen that PoW consensus has advantages over PoA consensus in the availability aspect, because it does not depend on active node 1 (master) to be able to run. Although there was a negative impact on the duration required for contract deployment and new account distribution on nodes when node 1 (master) is shut down at PoW consensus.