Flexible Unit Commitment in a VRE Penetrated System Considering Deep Regulation of Thermal Units and Energy Storage Operation

The increasing penetration of variable energy resources has had an impact on the security and stability of the electricity grid. Renewable energy sources, like wind and photovoltaics, have a feature called anti-peak shaving that results in variations and imbalances between the supply and demand of electricity. This may limit the use of renewable energy sources and throw off the electrical system’s stability and balance. Numerous approaches have been put up to address this issue, including the use of energy storage devices, the combination of flexibility resources, and the optimization of power production unit settings. Based on the previously given information, this research offers the best dispatching model for a power system that includes thermal power plants, variable energy supply, and energy storage. To start, a thermal unit operation model is recommended in order to calculate the increase in running expenses resulting from deep peak regulation. Moreover, the expenses associated with charging and discharging energy-storage batteries are also calculated. In the one-day optimal power flow model, the regulation of the thermal unit’s and battery’s operation is suggested. An IEEE-39 test system is then used to show the viability and efficiency of the suggested approach.